Provided by: plc-utils_0.0.6+git20250517.7fb8ac5-1_amd64 
NAME
int6k - Qualcomm Atheros INT6x00 Powerline Device Manager
SYNOPSIS
int6k [options] [device] [device] [...]
DESCRIPTION
This version of the Qualcomm Atheros Device Manager for Linux performs basic operations on Atheros
INT6x00 devices using the raw Ethernet protocol described in the Qualcomm Atheros HomePlug AV Firmware
Technical Reference Manual. It can be used to interrogate and control devices or upgrade firmware if on-
board NVRAM is present.
This program is part of the Qualcomm Atheros Powerline Toolkit. Is supports legacy chipsets INT6000,
INT6300 and INT6400. See program amptool for AR7400 and AR7450 chipsets. See program plctool for
QCA6410, QCA7000 and QCA7420 chipsets. See the plc man page for an overview and installation
instructions.
OPTIONS
-a Read device attributes using VS_OP_ATTRIBUTES. Attributes are short strings and integers that
describe device hardware and firmware. They are concatenated to form the output that is similar
to option -r but derived differently.
-B action
Press the simple connect pushbutton using VS_PB_ENC. The action can be specified by number 1, 2,
3 or 4 or by symbol "join", "leave", "status" or "reset", respectively. Use 1 on both devices
that are expected to join. Use 2 only on the device that is expected to leave the network.
-C module
Commit (flash) downloaded modules to NVRAM using VS_MOD_NVM. The module can be spedified by
number 1, 2 or 3 or by symbol "nvm", "pib" or "both", repectively. Module 3 is equivalent to
option -F which writes the NVM and PIB together. You cannot force flash NVRAM using this option.
Use option -FF to force flash.
-d filename
Read Watchdog Report from the device and write it to the named file in binary format using
VS_WD_RPT. The report file can be sent to Qualcomm Atheros for technical analysis. No
assumptions are made based on filename and no filename convetions are enforced; however, you
should use a .log file extension to indicate binary format.
-D xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx
Define the 16 octet Device Access Key (DAK) in hex format. The DAK is used by option -J. It may
also be set to "key1" or "key2" as explained in the KEYS section.
-e Redirects stderr messages to stdout. By convention status and error messages are printed on
stderr while primary program output is printed on stdout. This option prints all output on stdout
in cases where this is desired.
-f Read device NVRAM parameters using VS_GET_NVM. An error will be reported when no NVRAM is
present. This option can be used to determine if NVRAM is large enough to store the runtime
firmware and parameter block.
-F[F] Write previously downloaded MAC and PIB to NVRAM using VS_MOD_NVM. Adding a second F here or
another -F anywhere on the command line will force-flash a blank or corrupted NVRAM. Firmware
loaded from NVRAM will treat force-flash as an error. This option can be used to create factory
settings but cannot be used to change them once created. Subsequent use creates and updates
operational settings that can be erased using a factory reset. This option is executed after all
others on the command line, except for the -R option.
-i interface
Select the host Ethernet interface. All requests are sent via this host interface and only
reponses received via this host interface are recognized. The default interface is eth1 because
most people use eth0 as their principle network connection; however, if environment string "PLC"
is defined then it takes precedence over the default interface. This option then takes precedence
over either default.
-I Read the device PIB header using VS_RD_MOD and print the firmware major revision number, PIB minor
revision number, Device Access Key (DAK), Network Membership Key (NMK), MAC address and other
information on stdout.
-J xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx
Set the Network Membership Key (NMK) on the remote device, specified by MAC, using VS_SET_KEY.
This option is similar to option -K but requires the remote device MAC and DAK in addition to the
NMK and local device MAC address. The NMK value is defined using option -K unless you want to use
the default value. The remote DAK is defined using option -D unless you want to use the default
value. Programming remote device keys is complicated. It is often easier to connect the device
directly to the host and use the -K option.
-K xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx
Define the Network Membership Key (NMK) value used by options -M or -J. The symbolic names "key1"
and "key2" are recognized as described in the KEY section.
-l count
Define the number of times that the command will be repeated for each device specified. Normally,
you will repeat operations on one device only.
-m Read network membership information using VS_NW_INFO. This can be used to determine network
configuration.
-M Set the Network Membership Key (NMK) on the local device using VS_SET_KEY. The NMK value is
specified using the -K option unless you want to use the default value.
-n filename
Read firmware from the device SDRAM and write it to the named .nvm file using multiple VS_RD_MOD
messages. No assumptions are made based on filename and no filename conventions are enforced.
This option is performed before option -N when both are specified.
-N filename
Read the named .nvm file and write it to the device using multiple VS_WR_MOD messages. No
assumptions are made based on filename and no filename conventions are enforced; however, files
having invalid .nvm format will be rejected. This option is executed after -n when both are
specified.
-p filename
Read parameters from the device SDRAM and write them to the named .pib file using multiple
VS_RD_MOD messages. No assumptions are made based on filename and no filename convetions are
enforced. This option is executed before option BP when both are specified.
-P filename
Read the named .pib file and write it to the device using multiple VS_WR_MOD messages. No
assumptions are made based on filename and no filename conventions are enforced; however, files
having invalid .pib format will be rejected. This option is executed after -p when both are
specified.
-q Suppresses status messages on stderr.
-Q Quick flash. The program will not wait for a device to reset or the firmware to restart after
writing flash memory. This option is desirable with newer firmware that writes flash memory in
the background. It has no effect unless used with option -F or -C.
-r Read device firmware and hardware revision using VS_SW_VER. Output is similar to option -a but is
derived differently.
-R Reset the device using VS_RS_DEV. This option is executed after all others on the same command
line.
-s Read device SDRAM configuration using VS_RD_CBLOCK.
-S filename
Read the named .cfg file and write it to the device using VS_SET_SDRAM. No assumptions are made
based on filename and no filename conventions are enforced; however, files having an invalid .cfg
file format will be rejected. Do not confuse .cfg files with .config files. See chkcfg and
config2cfg for more information on SDRAM configuration file formats.
-t milliseconds
Read timeout in milliseconds. Values range from 0 through UINT_MAX. This is the maximum time
allowed for a response. The default is shown in brackets on the program menu.
-T Restore factory defaults. This permanently erases all PIB changes made since the device was last
programmed with factory default settings. The device will automatically reset and reboot.
-v Print additional information on stdout. In particular, this option dumps incoming and outgoing
packets which can be saved as text files for reference.
-w seconds
Defines the number of seconds to wait before repeating command line options. This option has no
effect unless option -l is also specified with a non-zero value.
-x Cause the program to exit on the first error instead of continuing with remaining iterations,
operations or devices. Normally, the program reports errors and moves on to the next operation,
iteration or device depending on the command line.
-?,--help
Print program help summary on stdout. This option takes precedence over other options on the
command line.
-?,--version
Print program version information on stdout. This option takes precedence over other options on
the command line. Use this option when sending screen dumps to Atheros Technical Support so that
they know exactly which version of the Linux Toolkit you are using.
ARGUMENTS
device The Ethernet hardware address of some powerline device. More than one address may be specified on
the command line. If more than one address is specified then operations are performed on each
device in turn. The default address is local. as explained in the DEVICES section.
KEYS
Passwords are variable length character strings that end-users can remember. Keys are fixed length
binary values created by encrypting passwords. There are two encryption algorithms for HomePlugAV. One
for DAKs and the other for NMKs. This means that a given password will produce different keys depending
on use. This program only deals with keys because that is what powerline devices recognize. The
passwords that generated the keys are irrelevant here.
Encryption keys are tedious to type and prone to error. For convenience, symbolic names have been
assigned to common encryption keys and are recognized by options -D and -K.
key1 Key for encrypted password "HomePlugAV". This is "689F074B8B0275A2710B0B5779AD1630" for option -D
and "50D3E4933F855B7040784DF815AA8DB7" for option -K.
key2 Key for encrypted password "HomePlugAV0123". This is "F084B4E8F6069FF1300C9BDB812367FF" for
option -D and "B59319D7E8157BA001B018669CCEE30D" for option -K.
none Always "00000000000000000000000000000000".
DEVICES
Powerline devices use Ethernet hardware, or Media Access Control (MAC), addresses. Device addresses are
12 hexadecimal digits (0123456789ABCDEFabcdef) in upper, lower or mixed case. Individual octets may be
separated by colons, for clarity, but not all octets need to be seperated. For example, "00b052000001",
"00:b0:52:00:00:01" and "00b052:000001" are valid and equivalent.
These symbolic addresses are recognized by this program and may be used instead of the actual address
value.
all Equivalent to "broadcast", described next.
broadcast
The Ethernet broadcast address, FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF. All devices, whether local, remote or foreign
will respond to this address.
local The Atheros Local Management Address (LMA), 00:B0:52:00:00:01. Local Atheros powerline devices
recognize this address but remote and foreign powerline devices do not. A remote device is any
poserline device at the far end of the powerline. A foreign device is a powerline device not
manufactured by Atheros.
REFERENCES
See the Qualcomm Atheros HomePlug AV Firmware Technical Reference Manual for more information.
DISCLAIMER
Atheros HomePlug AV Vendor Specific Management Message structure and content is proprietary to Qualcomm
Atheros, Ocala FL USA. Consequently, public information may not be available. Qualcomm Atheros reserves
the right to modify message structure or content in future firmware releases without any obligation to
notify or compensate users of this program.
EXAMPLES
# int6k -n old.nvm -p old.pib -N new.nvm -P new.pib -F 01:23:45:67:89:AB
Performs 5 operations on one device. Uploads the firmware and PIB from the device and writes them to
files old.nvm and old.pib, respectively. Reads files new.nvm and new.pib and downloads them as new
firmware and PIB, respectively. Commits the downloaded firmware and PIB to NVRAM. Operations are
executed in the order just described regardless of the order specified on the command line. If you want
reading and writing to occur in a different order then you must use two or more commands to accomplish
tasks in the order you want.
# int6k -N new.nvm 01:23:45:67:89:28
# int6k -P new.pib 01:23:45:67:89:28
# int6k -C 3 01:23:45:67:89:28
It is not neccessary to specify all operations on one command line. The three command lines above do
essentially the same thing as the command line shown in the previou example. Notice that this example
uses -C 3, instead of -F, as an alternate way to write MAC and PIB to NVRAM. Specifying -C 1, instead,
would write the .nvm file only. Specifying, -C 2, instead, would write the .pib file only. The value 3
is the logical OR of 1 and 2.
# int6k -N new.nvm -P new.pib -FF local
Downloads file new.nvm and file new.pib and force flashes the local device. Force flashing only works on
running firmware that has been downloaded and stated by the Qualcomm Atheros Boot Loader. See int6kf to
download, start firmware and perform a force flash in one operation.
# int6k -MK key1
# int6k -M
These two commands are equivalent. They set the NMK on the local device to key1 as descripted in the
KEYS section. The first command resets the NMK on the local device with -M then specifies the NMK as
key1. The second command omits the key specification since key1 is the program default NMK. One could,
of course, type the encryption key.
SEE ALSO
plc(1), amptool(1), int6kf(1), int6khost(1), int6kid(1), int6krate(1), int6krule(1), int6kstat(1),
int6kwait(1), plctool(1)
CREDITS
Charles Maier
Nathaniel Houghton
open-plc-utils-0.0.3 November 2013 int6k(1)