Ubuntu Manpage: storage.conf - Syntax of Container Storage configuration file

Provided by: containers-storage_1.57.2+ds1-1_amd64

NAME

       storage.conf - Syntax of Container Storage configuration file

DESCRIPTION

       The  STORAGE  configuration file specifies all of the available container storage options for tools using
       shared container storage, but in a TOML format that can be more easily modified and versioned.

FORMAT

       The [TOML format][toml] is used as the encoding of the configuration file.   Every  option  and  subtable
       listed  here  is nested under a global "storage" table.  No bare options are used. The format of TOML can
       be simplified to:

       [table]
       option = value

       [table.subtable1]
       option = value

       [table.subtable2]
       option = value

STORAGE TABLE

The storage table supports the following options:

driver=""
Copy On Write (COW) container storage driver. Valid drivers are "overlay", "vfs", "aufs", "btrfs", and
"zfs". Some drivers (for example, "zfs", "btrfs", and "aufs") may not work if your kernel lacks support
for the filesystem. This field is required to guarantee proper operation. Valid rootless drivers are
"btrfs", "overlay", and "vfs". Rootless users default to the driver defined in the system configuration
when possible. When the system configuration uses an unsupported rootless driver, rootless users default
to "overlay" if available, otherwise "vfs".

graphroot=""
container storage graph dir (default: "/var/lib/containers/storage") Default directory to store all
writable content created by container storage programs. The rootless graphroot path supports environment
variable substitutions (ie. $HOME/containers/storage). When changing the graphroot location on an
SELINUX system, ensure the labeling matches the default locations labels with the following commands:

# semanage fcontext -a -e /var/lib/containers/storage /NEWSTORAGEPATH
# restorecon -R -v /NEWSTORAGEPATH

In rootless mode you would set

# semanage fcontext -a -e $HOME/.local/share/containers NEWSTORAGEPATH
$ restorecon -R -v /NEWSTORAGEPATH

rootless_storage_path="$HOME/.local/share/containers/storage"
Storage path for rootless users. By default the graphroot for rootless users is set to
$XDG_DATA_HOME/containers/storage, if XDG_DATA_HOME is set. Otherwise
$HOME/.local/share/containers/storage is used. This field can be used if administrators need to change
the storage location for all users. The rootless storage path supports environment variable substitutions
(ie. $HOME/containers/storage)

A common use case for this field is to provide a local storage directory when user home directories are
NFS-mounted (podman does not support container storage over NFS).

imagestore=""
The image storage path (the default is assumed to be the same as graphroot). Path of the imagestore,
which is different from graphroot. By default, images in the storage library are stored in the graphroot.
If imagestore is provided, newly pulled images will be stored in the imagestore location. All other
storage continues to be stored in the graphroot. When using the overlay driver, images previously stored
in the graphroot remain accessible. Internally, the storage library mounts graphroot as an
additionalImageStore to allow this behavior.

A common use case for the imagestore field is users who need to split filesystems in different
partitions. The imagestore partition stores images and the graphroot partition stores container content
created from the images.

Imagestore, if set, must be different from graphroot.

runroot=""
container storage run dir (default: "/run/containers/storage") Default directory to store all temporary
writable content created by container storage programs. The rootless runroot path supports environment
variable substitutions (ie. $HOME/containers/storage)

driver_priority=[]
Priority list for the storage drivers that will be tested one after the other to pick the storage
driver if it is not defined. The first storage driver in this list that can be used, will be picked as
the new one and all subsequent ones will not be tried. If all drivers in this list are not viable, then
all known drivers will be tried and the first working one will be picked. By default, the storage driver
is set via the driver option. If it is not defined, then the best driver will be picked according to the
current platform. This option allows you to override this internal priority list with a custom one to
prefer certain drivers. Setting this option only has an effect if the local storage has not been
initialized yet and the driver name is not set.

transient_store = "false"|"true"

Transient store mode makes all container metadata be saved in temporary storage (i.e. runroot above).
This is faster, but doesn't persist across reboots. Additional garbage collection must also be performed
at boot-time, so this option should remain disabled in most configurations. (default: false)

STORAGE OPTIONS TABLE
The storage.options table supports the following options:

additionalimagestores=[]
Paths to additional container image stores. Usually these are read/only and stored on remote network
shares.

root-auto-userns-user=""
Root-auto-userns-user is a user name which can be used to look up one or more UID/GID ranges in the
/etc/subuid and /etc/subgid file. These ranges will be partitioned to containers configured to create
automatically a user namespace. Containers configured to automatically create a user namespace can still
overlap with containers having an explicit mapping set. This setting is ignored when running as
rootless.

auto-userns-min-size=1024
Auto-userns-min-size is the minimum size for a user namespace created automatically.

auto-userns-max-size=65536
Auto-userns-max-size is the maximum size for a user namespace created automatically.

disable-volatile=true
If disable-volatile is set, then the "volatile" mount optimization is disabled for all the containers.

STORAGE PULL OPTIONS TABLE
The storage.options.pull_options table supports the following keys:

enable_partial_images="true"|"false"
Enable the "zstd:chunked" feature, which allows partial pulls, reusing
content that already exists on the system. This is disabled by default,
and must be explicitly enabled to be used. For more on zstd:chunked, see

⟨https://github.com/containers/storage/blob/main/docs/containers-storage-zstd-chunked.md⟩.
This is a "string bool": "false"|"true" (cannot be native TOML boolean)

use_hard_links="false"|"true"
Tells containers/storage to use hard links rather then create new files in
the image, if an identical file already existed in storage.
This is a "string bool": "false"|"true" (cannot be native TOML boolean)

ostree_repos=""
Path to an ostree repository that might have
previously pulled content which can be used when attempting to avoid
pulling content from the container registry.

convert_images="false"|"true"
If set to "true", containers/storage will convert images that are
not already in zstd:chunked format to that format before processing
in order to take advantage of local deduplication and hard linking.
It is an expensive operation so it is not enabled by default.
This is a "string bool": "false"|"true" (cannot be native TOML boolean)

insecure_allow_unpredictable_image_contents="false"|"true"
This should almost never be set.
It allows partial pulls of images without guaranteeing that "partial
pulls" and non-partial pulls both result in consistent image contents.
This allows pulling estargz images and early versions of zstd:chunked images;
otherwise, these layers always use the traditional non-partial pull path.

This option should be enabled extremely rarely, only if all images that could
EVER be conceivably pulled on this system are guaranteed (e.g. using a signature policy)
to come from a build system trusted to never attack image integrity.

If this consistency enforcement were disabled, malicious images could be built
in a way designed to evade other audit mechanisms, so presence of most other audit
mechanisms is not a replacement for the above-mentioned need for all images to come
from a trusted build system.

As a side effect, enabling this option will also make image IDs unpredictable
(usually not equal to the traditional value matching the config digest).

This is a "string bool": "false"|"true" (cannot be native TOML boolean)

STORAGE OPTIONS FOR AUFS TABLE
The storage.options.aufs table supports the following options:

mountopt=""
Comma separated list of default options to be used to mount container images. Suggested value "nodev".
Mount options are documented in the mount(8) man page.

STORAGE OPTIONS FOR BTRFS TABLE
The storage.options.btrfs table supports the following options:

min_space=""
Specifies the min space in a btrfs volume.

size=""
Maximum size of a container image. This flag can be used to set quota on the size of container
images. (format: [], where unit = b (bytes), k (kilobytes), m (megabytes), or g (gigabytes))

STORAGE OPTIONS FOR OVERLAY TABLE
The storage.options.overlay table supports the following options:

ignore_chown_errors = "false"
ignore_chown_errors can be set to allow a non privileged user running with a single UID within a user
namespace to run containers. The user can pull and use any image even those with multiple uids. Note
multiple UIDs will be squashed down to the default uid in the container. These images will have no
separation between the users in the container. (default: "false")
This is a "string bool": "false"|"true" (cannot be native TOML boolean)

inodes=""
Maximum inodes in a read/write layer. This flag can be used to set a quota on the inodes allocated
for a read/write layer of a container.

force_mask = "0000|shared|private"
ForceMask specifies the permissions mask that is used for new files and directories. The values
"shared" and "private" are accepted. (default: ""). Octal permission masks are also accepted.

• ``: Not set All files/directories, get set with the permissions identified within the image.

• private: it is equivalent to 0700. All files/directories get set with 0700 permissions. The
owner has rwx access to the files. No other users on the system can access the files. This
setting could be used with networked based home directories.

• shared: it is equivalent to 0755. The owner has rwx access to the files and everyone else can
read, access and execute them. This setting is useful for sharing containers storage with other
users. For instance, a storage owned by root could be shared to rootless users as an additional
store. NOTE: All files within the image are made readable and executable by any user on the
system. Even /etc/shadow within your image is now readable by any user.

OCTAL: Users can experiment with other OCTAL Permissions.

Note: The force_mask Flag is an experimental feature, it could change in the future. When "force_mask"
is set the original permission mask is stored in the "user.containers.override_stat" xattr and the
"mount_program" option must be specified. Mount programs like "/usr/bin/fuse-overlayfs" present the
extended attribute permissions to processes within containers rather than the "force_mask" permissions.

mount_program=""
Specifies the path to a custom program to use instead of using kernel defaults for mounting the file
system. In rootless mode, without the CAP_SYS_ADMIN capability, many kernels prevent mounting of overlay
file systems, requiring you to specify a mount_program. The mount_program option is also required on
systems where the underlying storage is btrfs, aufs, zfs, overlay, or ecryptfs based file systems.
mount_program = "/usr/bin/fuse-overlayfs"

mountopt=""
Comma separated list of default options to be used to mount container images. Suggested value "nodev".
Mount options are documented in the mount(8) man page.

skip_mount_home="false"
Tell storage drivers to not create a PRIVATE bind mount on their home directory.
This is a "string bool": "false"|"true" (cannot be native TOML boolean)

size=""
Maximum size of a read/write layer. This flag can be used to set quota on the size of a read/write
layer of a container. (format: [], where unit = b (bytes), k (kilobytes), m (megabytes), or g
(gigabytes))

use_composefs = "false"
Use ComposeFS to mount the data layers image. ComposeFS support is experimental and not recommended
for production use.
This is a "string bool": "false"|"true" (cannot be native TOML boolean)

STORAGE OPTIONS FOR VFS TABLE
The storage.options.vfs table supports the following options:

ignore_chown_errors = "false"
ignore_chown_errors can be set to allow a non privileged user running with a single UID within a user
namespace to run containers. The user can pull and use any image even those with multiple uids. Note
multiple UIDs will be squashed down to the default uid in the container. These images will have no
separation between the users in the container.
This is a "string bool": "false"|"true" (cannot be native TOML boolean)

STORAGE OPTIONS FOR ZFS TABLE
The storage.options.zfs table supports the following options:

fsname=""
File System name for the zfs driver

mountopt=""
Comma separated list of default options to be used to mount container images. Suggested value "nodev".
Mount options are documented in the mount(8) man page.

size=""
Maximum size of a container image. This flag can be used to set quota on the size of container
images. (format: [], where unit = b (bytes), k (kilobytes), m (megabytes), or g (gigabytes))

SELINUX LABELING

       When running on an SELinux system, if you move the containers storage graphroot directory, you must  make
       sure the labeling is correct.

       Tell  SELinux about the new containers storage by setting up an equivalence record. This tells SELinux to
       label content under the new path, as if it was stored under /var/lib/containers/storage.

       semanage fcontext -a -e /var/lib/containers NEWSTORAGEPATH
       restorecon -R -v NEWSTORAGEPATH

       In rootless mode, you would set

       semanage fcontext -a -e $HOME/.local/share/containers NEWSTORAGEPATH
       restorecon -R -v NEWSTORAGEPATH

       The semanage command above tells SELinux to  setup  the  default  labeling  of  NEWSTORAGEPATH  to  match
       /var/lib/containers.  The restorecon command tells SELinux to apply the labels to the actual content.

       Now all new content created in these directories will automatically be created with the correct label.

QUOTAS

       Container  storage  implements XFS project quota controls for overlay storage containers and volumes. The
       directory used to store the containers must be an XFS file system and be mounted with the pquota option.

       Example /etc/fstab entry:

       /dev/podman/podman-var /var xfs defaults,x-systemd.device-timeout=0,pquota 1 2

       Container storage generates project ids for each container and builtin volume, but these project ids need
       to be unique for the XFS file system.

       The xfs_quota tool can be used to assign a project id to the storage driver directory, e.g.:

       echo 100000:/var/lib/containers/storage/overlay >> /etc/projects
       echo 200000:/var/lib/containers/storage/volumes >> /etc/projects
       echo storage:100000 >> /etc/projid
       echo volumes:200000 >> /etc/projid
       xfs_quota -x -c 'project -s storage volumes' /<xfs mount point>

       In the example above, the storage directory project  id  will  be  used  as  a  "start  offset"  and  all
       containers  will  be assigned larger project ids (e.g. >= 100000).  Then the volumes directory project id
       will be used as a "start offset" and all volumes will be assigned larger project ids  (e.g.  >=  200000).
       This is a way to prevent xfs_quota management from conflicting with containers/storage.

FILES

       Distributions   often  provide  a  /usr/share/containers/storage.conf  file  to  define  default  storage
       configuration. Administrators can override this file by creating /etc/containers/storage.conf to  specify
       their  own  configuration.  Likewise rootless users can create a storage.conf file to override the system
       storage.conf files. Files should be stored  in  the  $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/containers/storage.conf  file.   If
       $XDG_CONFIG_HOME is not set then the file $HOME/.config/containers/storage.conf is used.

       Note: The storage.conf file overrides all other storage.conf files. Container engines run by users with a
       storage.conf file in their home directory do not use options in the system storage.conf files.

       /etc/projects - XFS persistent project root definition /etc/projid -  XFS project name mapping file

HISTORY

       May  2017,  Originally  compiled  by Dan Walsh dwalsh@redhat.com ⟨mailto:dwalsh@redhat.com⟩ Format copied
       from crio.conf man page created by Aleksa Sarai asarai@suse.de ⟨mailto:asarai@suse.de⟩

Configuration                                        Storage               containers-storage.conf(5)(Container)

NAME

DESCRIPTION

FORMAT

STORAGE TABLE

SELINUX LABELING

QUOTAS

FILES

SEE ALSO

HISTORY