Provided by: opam-doc_2.3.0-1_all 
NAME
opam-list - Display the list of available packages.
SYNOPSIS
opam list [--check] [--no-depexts] [--silent] [OPTION]… [PATTERNS]…
DESCRIPTION
List selections of opam packages.
Without argument, the command displays the list of currently installed packages. With pattern arguments,
lists all available packages matching one of the patterns.
Unless the --short switch is used, the output format displays one package per line, and each line
contains the name of the package, the installed version or `--' if the package is not installed, and a
short description. In color mode, manually installed packages (as opposed to automatically installed ones
because of dependencies) are underlined.
See section PACKAGE SELECTION OPTIONS for all the ways to select the packages to be displayed, and
section OUTPUT FORMAT OPTIONS to customise the output format.
For a more detailed description of packages, see opam show. For extended search capabilities within the
packages' metadata, see opam search.
ARGUMENTS
PATTERNS
Package patterns with globs. Unless --search is specified, they match againsta NAME or NAME.VERSION
ORDER-SENSIBLE SELECTORS
These options are sensible to the order they are given to the command. For example: --available
--latests-only will first list all the available packages, then choose only the latest packages in that
set; while --latests-only --available will first lists all the latest packages, then only show the ones
that are available in that set.
-a, --available
List only packages that are available on the current system
-A, --all
Include all, even uninstalled or unavailable packages
--base
Removed in 2.1, use --invariant instead.
-i, --installed
List installed packages only. This is the default when no further arguments are supplied
--installable
List only packages that can be installed on the current switch (this calls the solver and may be more
costly; a package depending on an unavailable package may be available, but is never installable)
--invariant
List only the immutable base of the current switch (i.e. invariant packages)
--latests-only
List only the latest version of each package.
--pinned
List only the pinned packages
--roots, --installed-roots
List only packages that were explicitly installed, excluding the ones installed as dependencies
PACKAGE SELECTION OPTIONS
These options will always be given to the command in the same order, regardless of the order they have
been given to the command.
--coinstallable-with=PACKAGES
Only list packages that are compatible with all of PACKAGES.
--conflicts-with=PACKAGES
List packages that have declared conflicts with at least one of the given list. This includes
conflicts defined from the packages in the list, from the other package, or by a common
conflict-class: field.
--depends-on=PACKAGES
List only packages that depend on one of (comma-separated) PACKAGES.
--depopts
Include optional dependencies in dependency requests.
--dev
Include development packages in dependencies.
--field-match=FIELD:PATTERN
Filter packages with a match for PATTERN on the given FIELD
--has-flag=FLAG
Only include packages which have the given flag set. Package flags are one of: light-uninstall
verbose plugin compiler conf
--has-tag=TAG
Only includes packages which have the given tag set
--no-switch
List what is available from the repositories, without consideration for the current (or any other)
switch (installed or pinned packages, etc.)
--nobuild
Exclude build dependencies (they are included by default).
--or
Instead of selecting packages that match all the criteria, select packages that match any of them
--owns-file=FILE
Finds installed packages responsible for installing the given file
--post
Include dependencies tagged as post.
--recursive
With `--depends-on' and `--required-by', display all transitive dependencies rather than just direct
dependencies.
--repos=REPOS
Include only packages that took their origin from one of the given repositories (unless no-switch is
also specified, this excludes pinned packages).
--required-by=PACKAGES
List only the dependencies of (comma-separated) PACKAGES.
--resolve=PACKAGES
Restrict to a solution to install (comma-separated) PACKAGES, i.e. a consistent set of packages
including those. This is subtly different from `--required-by --recursive`, which is more predictable
and can't fail, but lists all dependencies independently without ensuring consistency. Without
`--installed`, the answer is self-contained and independent of the current installation. With
`--installed', it's computed from the set of currently installed packages. `--no-switch` further
makes the solution independent from the currently pinned packages, architecture, and compiler
version. The combination with `--depopts' is not supported.
--search
Match PATTERNS against the full descriptions of packages, and require all of them to match, instead
of requiring at least one to match against package names (unless --or is also specified).
-t, --with-test, --test
Include test-only dependencies.
--with-dev-setup
Include developer only dependencies.
--with-doc, --doc
Include doc-only dependencies.
OUTPUT FORMAT OPTIONS
--columns=COLUMNS
Select the columns to display among: name, version, package, synopsis, synopsis-or-target,
description, <field>:, installed-version, pin, source-hash, opam-file, all-installed-versions,
available-versions, all-versions, repository, installed-files, vc-ref, depexts. The default is name
when --short is present and name, installed-version, synopsis-or-target otherwise.
-e, --external, --depexts
Instead of displaying the packages, display their external dependencies that are associated with the
current system. This excludes other display options. Rather than using this directly, you should
probably head for the `depext' plugin, that will use your system package management system to handle
the installation of the dependencies. Run `opam depext'.
--normalise
Print the values of opam fields normalised
-S, --sort
Sort the packages in dependency order (i.e. an order in which they could be individually installed.)
-s, --short
Don't print a header, and sets the default columns to name only. If you need package versions
included, use --columns=package instead
--separator=STRING (absent= )
Set the column-separator string
-V, --all-versions
Normally, when multiple versions of a package match, only one is shown in the output (the installed
one, the pinned-to one, or, failing that, the highest one available or the highest one). This flag
disables this behaviour and shows all matching versions. This also changes the default display format
to include package versions instead of just package names (including when --short is set). This is
automatically turned on when a single non-pattern package name is provided on the command-line.
--vars=[VAR=STR,...]
Define the given variable bindings. Typically useful with --external to override the values for arch,
os, os-distribution, os-version, os-family.
--wrap
Wrap long lines, the default being to truncate when displaying on a terminal, or to keep as is
otherwise
OPTIONS
--check
Don't write anything in the output, exit with return code 0 if the list is not empty, 1 otherwise.
--no-depexts
Disable external dependencies handling for the query. This can be used to include packages that are
marked as unavailable because of an unavailable system dependency.
--silent
Removed in 2.1, use --check instead.
COMMON OPTIONS
These options are common to all commands.
--best-effort
Don't fail if all requested packages can't be installed: try to install as many as possible. Note
that not all external solvers may support this option (recent versions of aspcud or mccs should).
This is equivalent to setting $OPAMBESTEFFORT environment variable.
--cli=MAJOR.MINOR (absent=2.3)
Use the command-line interface syntax and semantics of MAJOR.MINOR. Intended for any persistent use
of opam (scripts, blog posts, etc.), any version of opam in the same MAJOR series will behave as for
the specified MINOR release. The flag was not available in opam 2.0, so to select the 2.0 CLI, set
the OPAMCLI environment variable to 2.0 instead of using this parameter.
--color=WHEN
Colorize the output. WHEN must be one of always, never or auto.
--confirm-level=LEVEL
Confirmation level, LEVEL must be one of ask, no, yes or unsafe-yes. Can be specified more than once.
If --yes or --no are also given, the value of the last --confirm-level is taken into account. This is
equivalent to setting $OPAMCONFIRMLEVEL`.
--criteria=CRITERIA
Specify user preferences for dependency solving for this run. Overrides $OPAMCRITERIA,
$OPAMFIXUPCRITERIA and $OPAMUPGRADECRITERIA. For details on the supported language, and the external
solvers available, see http://opam.ocaml.org/doc/External_solvers.html. A general guide to using
solver preferences can be found at http://www.dicosmo.org/Articles/usercriteria.pdf.
--cudf=FILENAME
Debug option: Save the CUDF requests sent to the solver to FILENAME-<n>.cudf where <n> is the n-th
call to the solver during the opam run.
--debug
Print debug message to stderr. This is equivalent to setting $OPAMDEBUG to "true".
--debug-level=LEVEL
Like --debug, but allows specifying the debug level (--debug sets it to 1). Equivalent to setting
$OPAMDEBUG to a positive integer.
--git-version
Print the git version of opam, if set (i.e. you are using a development version), and exit.
--help[=FMT] (default=auto)
Show this help in format FMT. The value FMT must be one of auto, pager, groff or plain. With auto,
the format is pager or plain whenever the TERM env var is dumb or undefined.
--ignore-pin-depends
Ignore extra pins required by packages that get pinned, either manually through opam pin or through
opam install DIR. This is equivalent to setting IGNOREPINDEPENDS=true.
--json=FILENAME
Save the results of the opam run in a computer-readable file. If the filename contains the character
`%', it will be replaced by an index that doesn't overwrite an existing file. Similar to setting the
$OPAMJSON variable.
--no
Answer no to all opam yes/no questions without prompting. See also --confirm-level. This is
equivalent to setting $OPAMNO to "true".
--no-aspcud
Removed in 2.1.
--no-auto-upgrade
When configuring or updating a repository that is written for an earlier opam version (1.2), opam
internally converts it to the current format. This disables this behaviour. Note that repositories
should define their format version in a 'repo' file at their root, or they will be assumed to be in
the older format. It is, in any case, preferable to upgrade the repositories manually using opam
admin upgrade [--mirror URL] when possible.
--no-self-upgrade
Opam will replace itself with a newer binary found at OPAMROOT/opam if present. This disables this
behaviour.
-q, --quiet
Disables --verbose.
--root=ROOT
Use ROOT as the current root path. This is equivalent to setting $OPAMROOT to ROOT.
--safe, --readonly
Make sure nothing will be automatically updated or rewritten. Useful for calling from completion
scripts, for example. Will fail whenever such an operation is needed ; also avoids waiting for locks,
skips interactive questions and overrides the $OPAMDEBUG variable. This is equivalent to set
environment variable $OPAMSAFE.
--solver=CMD
Specify the CUDF solver to use for resolving package installation problems. This is either a
predefined solver (this version of opam supports builtin-mccs+lp(), builtin-mccs+glpk,
builtin-dummy-z3-solver, builtin-0install, aspcud, mccs, aspcud-old, packup), or a custom command
that should contain the variables %{input}%, %{output}%, %{criteria}%, and optionally %{timeout}%.
This is equivalent to setting $OPAMEXTERNALSOLVER.
--strict
Fail whenever an error is found in a package definition or a configuration file. The default is to
continue silently if possible.
--switch=SWITCH
Use SWITCH as the current compiler switch. This is equivalent to setting $OPAMSWITCH to SWITCH.
--use-internal-solver
Disable any external solver, and use the built-in one (this requires that opam has been compiled with
a built-in solver). This is equivalent to setting $OPAMNOASPCUD or $OPAMUSEINTERNALSOLVER.
-v, --verbose
Be more verbose. One -v shows all package commands, repeat to also display commands called internally
(e.g. tar, curl, patch etc.) Repeating n times is equivalent to setting $OPAMVERBOSE to "n".
--version
Show version information.
-w, --working-dir
Whenever updating packages that are bound to a local, version-controlled directory, update to the
current working state of their source instead of the last committed state, or the ref they are
pointing to. As source directory is copied as it is, if it isn't clean it may result on a opam build
failure. This only affects packages explicitly listed on the command-line. It can also be set with
$OPAMWORKINGDIR.
-y, --yes
Answer yes to all opam yes/no questions without prompting. See also --confirm-level. This is
equivalent to setting $OPAMYES to "true".
ENVIRONMENT
Opam makes use of the environment variables listed here. Boolean variables should be set to "0", "no",
"false" or the empty string to disable, "1", "yes" or "true" to enable.
OPAMALLPARENS surround all filters with parenthesis.
OPAMASSUMEDEPEXTS see option `--assume-depexts'.
OPAMAUTOREMOVE see remove option `--auto-remove'.
OPAMBESTEFFORT see option `--best-effort'.
OPAMBESTEFFORTPREFIXCRITERIA sets the string that must be prepended to the criteria when the
`--best-effort' option is set, and is expected to maximise the `opam-query' property in the solution.
OPAMBUILDDOC Removed in 2.1.
OPAMBUILDTEST Removed in 2.1.
OPAMCLI see option `--cli'.
OPAMCOLOR when set to always or never, sets a default value for the `--color' option.
OPAMCONFIRMLEVEL see option `--confirm-level`. OPAMCONFIRMLEVEL has priority over OPAMYES and OPAMNO.
OPAMCRITERIA specifies user preferences for dependency solving. The default value depends on the solver
version, use `config report' to know the current setting. See also option --criteria.
OPAMCUDFFILE save the cudf graph to file-actions-explicit.dot.
OPAMCUDFTRIM controls the filtering of unrelated packages during CUDF preprocessing.
OPAMCURL can be used to select a given 'curl' program. See OPAMFETCH for more options.
OPAMDEBUG see options `--debug' and `--debug-level'.
OPAMDEBUGSECTIONS if set, limits debug messages to the space-separated list of sections. Sections can
optionally have a specific debug level (for example, CLIENT:2 or CLIENT CUDF:2), but otherwise use
`--debug-level'.
OPAMDIGDEPTH defines how aggressive the lookup for conflicts during CUDF preprocessing is.
OPAMDOWNLOADJOBS sets the maximum number of simultaneous downloads.
OPAMDROPWORKINGDIR overrides packages previously updated with --working-dir on update. Without this
variable set, opam would keep them unchanged unless explicitly named on the command-line.
OPAMDRYRUN see option `--dry-run'.
OPAMEDITOR sets the editor to use for opam file editing, overrides $EDITOR and $VISUAL.
OPAMERRLOGLEN sets the number of log lines printed when a sub-process fails. 0 to print all.
OPAMEXTERNALSOLVER see option `--solver'.
OPAMFAKE see option `--fake'.
OPAMFETCH specifies how to download files: either `wget', `curl' or a custom command where variables
%{url}%, %{out}%, %{retry}%, %{compress}% and %{checksum}% will be replaced. Overrides the
'download-command' value from the main config file.
OPAMFIXUPCRITERIA same as OPAMUPGRADECRITERIA, but specific to fixup and reinstall.
OPAMIGNORECONSTRAINTS see install option `--ignore-constraints-on'.
OPAMIGNOREPINDEPENDS see option `--ignore-pin-depends'.
OPAMINPLACEBUILD see option `--inplace-build'.
OPAMJOBS sets the maximum number of parallel workers to run.
OPAMJSON log json output to the given file (use character `%' to index the files).
OPAMKEEPBUILDDIR see install option `--keep-build-dir'.
OPAMKEEPLOGS tells opam to not remove some temporary command logs and some backups. This skips some
finalisers and may also help to get more reliable backtraces.
OPAMLOCKED combination of `--locked' and `--lock-suffix' options.
OPAMLOGS logdir sets log directory, default is a temporary directory in /tmp
OPAMMAKECMD set the system make command to use.
OPAMMERGEOUT merge process outputs, stderr on stdout.
OPAMNO answer no to any question asked, see options `--no` and `--confirm-level`. OPAMNO is ignored if
either OPAMCONFIRMLEVEL or OPAMYES is set.
OPAMNOAGGREGATE with `opam admin check', don't aggregate packages.
OPAMNOASPCUD Deprecated.
OPAMNOAUTOUPGRADE disables automatic internal upgrade of repositories in an earlier format to the current
one, on 'update' or 'init'.
OPAMNOCHECKSUMS enables option --no-checksums when available.
OPAMNODEPEXTS disables system dependencies handling, see option `--no-depexts'.
OPAMNOENVNOTICE Internal.
OPAMNOSELFUPGRADE see option `--no-self-upgrade'
OPAMPINKINDAUTO sets whether version control systems should be detected when pinning to a local path.
Enabled by default since 1.3.0.
OPAMPRECISETRACKING fine grain tracking of directories.
OPAMPREPRO set this to false to disable CUDF preprocessing. Less efficient, but might help debugging
solver issue.
OPAMREPOSITORYTARRING internally store the repositories as tar.gz files. This can be much faster on
filesystems that don't cope well with scanning large trees but have good caching in /tmp. However this is
slower in the general case.
OPAMREQUIRECHECKSUMS Enables option `--require-checksums' when available (e.g. for `opam install').
OPAMRETRIES sets the number of tries before failing downloads.
OPAMREUSEBUILDDIR see option `--reuse-build-dir'.
OPAMROOT see option `--root'. This is automatically set by `opam env --root=DIR --set-root'.
OPAMROOTISOK don't complain when running as root.
OPAMSAFE see option `--safe'.
OPAMSHOW see option `--show'.
OPAMSKIPUPDATE see option `--skip-updates'.
OPAMSKIPVERSIONCHECKS bypasses some version checks. Unsafe, for compatibility testing only.
OPAMSOLVERALLOWSUBOPTIMAL (default `true') allows some solvers to still return a solution when they reach
timeout; while the solution remains assured to be consistent, there is no guarantee in this case that it
fits the expected optimisation criteria. If `true', opam willcontinue with a warning, if `false' a
timeout is an error. Currently only the builtin-z3 backend handles this degraded case.
OPAMSOLVERTIMEOUT change the time allowance of the solver. Default is 60.0, set to 0 for unlimited. Note
that all solvers may not support this option.
OPAMSTATS display stats at the end of command.
OPAMSTATUSLINE display a dynamic status line showing what's currently going on on the terminal. (one of
one of always, never or auto)
OPAMSTRICT fail on inconsistencies (file reading, switch import, etc.).
OPAMSWITCH see option `--switch'. Automatically set by `opam env --switch=SWITCH --set-switch'.
OPAMUNLOCKBASE see install option `--unlock-base'.
OPAMUPGRADECRITERIA specifies user preferences for dependency solving when performing an upgrade.
Overrides OPAMCRITERIA in upgrades if both are set. See also option --criteria.
OPAMUSEINTERNALSOLVER see option `--use-internal-solver'.
OPAMUSEOPENSSL Removed in 2.2.
OPAMUTF8 use UTF8 characters in output (one of one of always, never or auto). By default `auto', which is
determined from the locale).
OPAMUTF8MSGS use extended UTF8 characters (camels) in opam messages. Implies OPAMUTF8. This is set by
default on macOS only.
OPAMVALIDATIONHOOK if set, uses the `%{hook%}' command to validate an opam repository update.
OPAMVERBOSE see option `--verbose'.
OPAMVERBOSEON see option --verbose-on
OPAMVERSIONLAGPOWER do not use.
OPAMWITHDEVSETUP see install option `--with-dev-setup'.
OPAMWITHDOC see install option `--with-doc'.
OPAMWITHTEST see install option `--with-test.
OPAMWORKINGDIR see option `--working-dir'.
OPAMYES see options `--yes' and `--confirm-level`. OPAMYES has priority over OPAMNO and is ignored if
OPAMCONFIRMLEVEL is set.
OPAMVAR_var overrides the contents of the variable var when substituting `%{var}%` strings in `opam`
files.
OPAMVAR_package_var overrides the contents of the variable package:var when substituting
`%{package:var}%` strings in `opam` files.
CLI VERSION
All scripts and programmatic invocations of opam should use `--cli' in order to ensure that they work
seamlessly with future versions of the opam client. Additionally, blog posts or other documentation can
benefit, as it prevents information from becoming stale.
Although opam only supports roots (~/.opam/) for the current version, it does provide backwards
compatibility for its command-line interface.
Since CLI version support was only added in opam 2.1, use OPAMCLI to select 2.0 support (as opam 2.0 will
just ignore it), and `--cli=2.1' for 2.1 (or later) versions, since an environment variable controlling
the parsing of syntax is brittle. To this end, opam displays a warning if OPAMCLI specifies a valid
version other than 2.0, and also if `--cli=2.0' is specified.
The command-line version is selected by using the `--cli' option or the OPAMCLI environment variable.
`--cli' may be specified morethan once, where the last instance takes precedence. OPAMCLI is only
inspected if `--cli' is not given.
EXIT STATUS
As an exception to the following, the `exec' command returns 127 if the command was not found or couldn't
be executed, and the command's exit value otherwise.
0 Success, or true for boolean queries.
1 False. Returned when a boolean return value is expected, e.g. when running with --check, or for
queries like opam lint.
2 Bad command-line arguments, or command-line arguments pointing to an invalid context (e.g. file not
following the expected format).
5 Not found. You requested something (package, version, repository, etc.) that couldn't be found.
10 Aborted. The operation required confirmation, which wasn't given.
15 Could not acquire the locks required for the operation.
20 There is no solution to the user request. This can be caused by asking to install two incompatible
packages, for example.
30 Error in package definition, or other metadata files. Using --strict raises this error more often.
31 Package script error. Some package operations were unsuccessful. This may be an error in the packages
or an incompatibility with your system. This can be a partial error.
40 Sync error. Could not fetch some remotes from the network. This can be a partial error.
50 Configuration error. Opam or system configuration doesn't allow operation, and needs fixing.
60 Solver failure. The solver failed to return a sound answer. It can be due to a broken external
solver, or an error in solver configuration.
99 Internal error. Something went wrong, likely due to a bug in opam itself.
130 User interrupt. SIGINT was received, generally due to the user pressing Ctrl-C.
0 on success.
123 on indiscriminate errors reported on standard error.
124 on command line parsing errors.
125 on unexpected internal errors (bugs).
FURTHER DOCUMENTATION
See https://opam.ocaml.org/doc.
AUTHORS
David Allsopp <david@tarides.com>
Vincent Bernardoff <vb@luminar.eu.org>
Raja Boujbel <raja.boujbel@ocamlpro.com>
Kate Deplaix <kit-ty-kate@outlook.com>
Roberto Di Cosmo <roberto@dicosmo.org>
Thomas Gazagnaire <thomas@gazagnaire.org>
Louis Gesbert <louis.gesbert@ocamlpro.com>
Fabrice Le Fessant <Fabrice.Le_fessant@inria.fr>
Anil Madhavapeddy <anil@recoil.org>
Guillem Rieu <guillem.rieu@ocamlpro.com>
Ralf Treinen <ralf.treinen@pps.jussieu.fr>
Frederic Tuong <tuong@users.gforge.inria.fr>
SEE ALSO
opam(1)
BUGS
Check bug reports at https://github.com/ocaml/opam/issues.
Opam 2.3.0 OPAM-LIST(1)