NOM

       passwd - fichier des mots de passe

DESCRIPTION

       /etc/passwd contains one line for each user account, with seven fields delimited by colons (« : »). These
       fields are:

       •   nom de connexion de l'utilisateur (« login »)

       •   un mot de passe chiffré optionnel

       •   l'identifiant numérique de l'utilisateur

       •   l'identifiant numérique du groupe de l'utilisateur

       •   le nom complet de l'utilisateur ou un champ de commentaires

       •   le répertoire personnel de l'utilisateur

       •   l'interpréteur de commandes de l'utilisateur (optionnel)

       If the password field is a lower-case « x », then the encrypted password is actually stored in the
       shadow(5) file instead; there must be a corresponding line in the /etc/shadow file, or else the user
       account is invalid.

       The encrypted password field may be empty, in which case no password is required to authenticate as the
       specified login name. However, some applications which read the /etc/passwd file may decide not to permit
       any access at all if the password field is blank.

       A password field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked. The remaining
       characters on the line represent the password field before the password was locked.

       Refer to crypt(3) for details on how this string is interpreted.

       If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of crypt(3), for instance ! or *,
       the user will not be able to use a unix password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other
       means).

       The comment field, also known as the gecos field, is used by various system utilities, such as finger(1).
       The use of an ampersand here will be replaced by the capitalised login name when the field is used or
       displayed by such system utilities.

       The home directory field provides the name of the initial working directory. The login program uses this
       information to set the value of the $HOME environmental variable.

       The command interpreter field provides the name of the user's command language interpreter, or the name
       of the initial program to execute. The login program uses this information to set the value of the $SHELL
       environmental variable. If this field is empty, it defaults to the value /bin/sh.

FICHIERS

       /etc/passwd
           Informations sur les comptes des utilisateurs.

       /etc/shadow
           un mot de passe chiffré optionnel

       /etc/passwd-
           Fichier de sauvegarde de /etc/passwd.

           Notez que ce fichier est utilisé par les outils de la suite d'outils shadow, mais pas par tous les
           outils de gestion d'utilisateurs et de mot de passes.

VOIR AUSSI

       crypt(3), getent(1), getpwnam(3), login(1), passwd(1), pwck(8), pwconv(8), pwunconv(8), shadow(5), su(1),
       sulogin(8).

shadow-utils 4.17.4                                07/05/2025                                          PASSWD(5)